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A
Fifteenth-Century List of Herbs
This
list has been transcribed using the medieval names for the herbs
- if the modern equivalent is known it has been added in parentheses.
Herbs
for potage:
Borage,
langdebefe (buglos), myntes, sauge, parcely, goldes (corn-marigold),
mageroum (marjoram), ffenelle, carawey, red nettyle, oculus
Christi (Clary), daysys, chervelle, lekez, colewortes, rapez,
tyme, cyves, betes, alysaundre, letyse, betayne, columbyne,
allia, astralogya rotunda, astralogia longra, basillicam (basil),
dylle, deteyne, hertestong, radiche, white pyper, cabagez,
sedewale, spynache, coliaundre, ffothistylle (sowthistle),
orage, cartabus, lympens, nepte, clarey, pacience.
Herbs
for sauce:
Hertestonge,
sorelle, pelytory, pelytory of spayne, deteyne, vyolettes,
parcely, myntes.
Herbs
for the coppe (possibly for the cup - herbal teas):
Cost,
costmary, sauge, isope, rose mary, gyllofre, goldez, clarey,
margeroun, rue.
Herbs
for a salad:
Buddus
of stanmarche (Alexander), vyollette flourez, parcely, red
myntes, syves (Cives), cresse of Boleyne, purselane, ramsons,
calamyntes, primerose buddus, dayses, rapounses, daundelyoun,
rokette, red nettelle, borage flourez, croppus of red ffenelle,
selbes-tryve, chykynwede.
Herbs
to distil:
Endyve,
rede rose, rose mary, dragans (serpentine), skabiose, ewfrace
(Eyebright), wermode, mogwede, beteyne, wylde tansey, sauge,
isope, ersemart.
Herbs
for flavour and beauty:
Gyllofre
gentyle, mageroum gentyle, brasyle, palma Christi, stycadose,
meloncez, arcachaffe, scalacely (Solomon's Seal), philyppendula
(dropwort), popy royalle, germaundre, cowsloppus of Jerusalem,
verveyne, dylle, seynt Mark, garlek.
Roots
for a garden:
Parsenpez,
turnepes, radyche, karettes, galyngale, eryngez (Erinigoes),
safrone.
For
a herbery:
Vynes,
rosers, lyles, thewberries (possibly gooseberries), almondez,
bay-trees, gourdes, date-trese, peche-trese, pyneappule, pyany
romain, rose campy, cartabus, seliane, columbyne, gentyle,
elabre.
Please
also visit Old London Maps
on the web as many of the maps
and views available there have plans and depictions of gardens
from
the medieval period through to the late nineteenth century.
Copyright
© Sara Douglass Enterprises Pty Ltd 2006
No material may be reproduced without permission
unless
specifically stated otherwise
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